Human skin has a bacterial density of approximately 1 billion microorganisms per square centimetre. This ecosystem — the skin microbiome — is the first line of defence against pathogens, the regulator of the protective acidic skin pH, and an active modulator of inflammation. The cleanser you choose interacts with this system twice a day. Most people don't know they're destroying it.

Skin pH Isn't Neutral (But Your Soap Probably Is)

Healthy skin has a pH of 4.5–5.5 — slightly acidic. This acidic environment favours beneficial bacteria and inhibits pathogens. Most bar soaps have a pH of 9–10 — alkaline. Each wash with alkaline pH disturbs the microbiome for 20–30 minutes (in healthy skin) or several hours (in compromised skin).

The Difference Between Cleansing and Sterilising

The goal of cleansing isn't to eliminate bacteria — it's to remove impurities, excess sebum and product residue without altering the beneficial bacterial flora. SLS/SLES surfactants are potent and indiscriminate: they remove everything, including barrier lipids and beneficial bacteria. Gentle plant-derived surfactants selectively remove impurities and are microbiome-friendly.

How Often to Cleanse

Morning: oily or sweaty skin — gentle gel. Dry/sensitive skin — lukewarm water without product.

Night: always, regardless of skin type. If you used mineral SPF or makeup: double cleanse — oil/balm first to dissolve, then gentle gel.

Temperature Matters

Hot water dilates capillaries and increases trans-epidermal water loss. Cool or lukewarm water is sufficient to open pores adequately without vascular trauma.

FAQ

Does micellar water replace cleansing?

For use without makeup or mineral SPF: can be sufficient in the morning. For removing mineral SPF or full-coverage makeup: no — it leaves surfactant residue that interferes with active absorption in subsequent steps.